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Lesson 10: Not for jazz

Key words and expressions

1. jazz 爵士乐
2. musical 音乐的
3. instrument 乐器
4. clavichord 古钢琴
   1. chord 弦
5. belong 属于
6. damage 损坏
7. key 琴键
8. string 弦
9. allow 允许
10. touch 触摸

cus·tom·ary adj. /ˈkʌstəməri/

1. if sth is customary , it is what people usually do in a particular place or situation习俗的；习惯的
   SYN usual
   • Is it customary to tip hairdressers in this country?这个国家兴给理发师小费吗？
2. typical of a particular person（某人）特有的，独特的，典型的
   SYN habitual
   • She arranged everything with her customary efficiency.她以她特有的高效率把一切都已安排妥当。

Questions on the text

1. When and where was the clavichord made?
   1. It was made in Germany in 1681.
2. Who damaged this musical instrument recently?
   1. A visitor damaged this musical instrument.
3. What did she try to play on it?
   1. She tried to play jazz on it.

Language points

1. Our clavichord is kept in the living room.客厅，起居室。
   1. keep: to put customarily/store
      1. Please keep your bank card in a safe place. 放置
      2. Some detectives were keeping guard at the door. 执行
      3. Can you keep the secret? 保守
      4. He probably won’t be able to keep his job. 保住工作
      5. She keeps a diary. 记日记
      6. What kept you? 耽误
   2. 被动语态
2. It hasbelonged toour family for a long time.
   1. They belong to a youger generation.
   2. That chair belongs in the other room.
   3. Where do these things belong. 这些东西放在哪？
3. My father was shocked. 我的父亲被震惊了。一般是不好的事情。
   1. I was shocked when I heard about the accident.
4. It is being repaired by a friend of my father’s. 现在进行时的被动语态
   1. The river course is being cleaned.
   2. a student of mine
      1. a property of my grandfather’s

Key structures and usage

1. 被动语态
   1. It is called a clavichord.
   2. It was made in Germany in 1681.
   3. The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago.
   4. Recently it was damaged by a visitor.
   5. Two of the strings were broken.
   6. Now we are not allowed to touch it.
   7. It is being repaired by a friend of my father’s.

Extension

an·tique /ænˈtiːk/ adj.&n.
[ usually before noun ] ( of furniture, jewellery, etc.家具、珠宝等 ) old and often valuable古老的；古董的
• an antique mahogany desk古红木办公桌

fra·gile adj. /ˈfrædʒaɪl/

1. easily broken or damaged易碎的；易损的
   • fragile china/glass/bones易碎的瓷器╱玻璃制品╱骨骼
2. weak and uncertain; easily destroyed or spoilt不牢固的；脆弱的
   • a fragile alliance/ceasefire/relationship 不牢固的联盟；不确定的停火╱关系
   • The economy remains extremely fragile.经济仍然极其脆弱。
3. delicate and often beautiful纤巧的；精细的；纤巧美丽的
   • fragile beauty纤美
   • The woman’s fragile face broke into a smile.那面孔秀丽的女子粲然一笑。
4. not strong and likely to become ill/sick虚弱的
   • Her father is now 86 and in fragile health.她的父亲现在86岁，身体虚弱。
   ( BrE informal )
   • I’m feeling a bit fragile after last night (= not well, perhaps because of drinking too much alcohol) .昨夜以后我觉得身子有点发虚（可能是纵酒所致）。

jazz age 爵士尔时代

improvisation n. 即兴创作；即席演奏
im·pro·vise v. /ˈɪmprəvaɪz/

1. to make or do sth using whatever is available, usually because you do not have what you really need临时拼凑；临时做
   [ V ]
   • There isn’t much equipment. We’re going to have to improvise.设备不多，我们只能将就着用。