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在C#开发里头，针对集合操作排序这件事儿，那可是极为常见的。List.Sort方法，还有LINQ给出的OrderBy以及OrderByDescending方法，它们都能够轻易地达成排序任务。然而呢，它们在底层所遵循的机制，就连使用的场景，通通都是有着极大不同的。去弄明白这两个方面之间出现的差异，可不单单能够编写出代码更为清晰的程序，而且还能够有效避开性能方面可能遭遇的陷阱。

List.Sort方法怎么排序

List.Sort会对原本的列表开展原地排序操作，直接去修改那个原本的源集合，不会产生全新的对象。它有这样的要求，就是列表里元素的类型要实现IComparable接口，或者你得传入一个Comparison委托，亦或者是IComparer比较器。存在这样一种方法，它于内存方面展现出极为友好的特性，特别适宜用于对大型列表展开处理，原因在于其仅仅需要极其少的额外空间。

实际上在进行开发期间，要是你有按单一一种规则去排序的需求，并且不存在保留原本顺序的必要时，那么List.Sort便是首选的方式，举例来说，针对整数所构成的列表，或者是已经将比较器实现的自定义对象列表开展排序操作，它所运用的是快速排序算法，平均而言时间复杂度是O(n log n)，需要留意，要是元素类型并不具备默认比较器，调用Sort()的话就会抛出异常，在这样的的时候那就必须得提供自定义的比较逻辑。

LINQ OrderBy和OrderByDescending用法

OrderBy以及OrderByDescending归属于LINQ操作符，它们不会对原始集合作出修改，而是会返回一个全新的、具备顺序的迭代序列，也就是IOrderedEnumerable。你能够借助链式调用ThenBy或者ThenByDescending达成多级排序，这般会使得代码极为易于阅读。比如说，首先依照年龄进行升序排列，接着再按照姓名进行降序排列，书写起来顺畅自然。

LINQ排序因返回新序列，会去遍历原集合并生成新的内部数组，所以会占用额外内存。它的优势在于能与其它LINQ方法无缝配合，像Where筛选后可直接OrderBy。此外，它支持任何IEnumerable类型，并非局限于List，灵活性比List.Sort远超许多。

Sort和OrderBy性能对比

性能上的差异，关键是主要集中呈现在这两个方面，也就是内存以及执行速度这两块儿。关于List.Sort，它属于原地排序的，内存消耗基本上近乎为零。然而OrderBy呢，则是要求得去创建新序列，一旦面对大型集合，就会给内存带来比较可观的压力。再从速度这方面来看，要是针对值类型列表而言，Sort常常表现得更快些。要是针对引用类型，尽管差距会有所缩小，可仍然是存在着的。

可性能并非是唯一的标准。要是你有保留原始顺序的需求（就好比要是撤销排序这种情况），或者排序仅仅只是中间步骤里的一部分，那么OrderBy会更具安全性。另外，Sort仅仅能够应用于List，然而OrderBy适用于所有的集合类型。在实际投身于项目工作期间，针对那些数据量超出了10万条的列表情况，建议优先将List.Sort纳入考量范畴，而当面临小规模的数据情形或者存在需要进行复杂组合查询需求的时候，便可以安心地运用LINQ。

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